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All instances / Hydrogen chain

Hydrogen chain H10 chain, open, R = 1.8, basis-free

Best values (rules §6)

best variational -0.565634(5) VMC (JAGP)
10.1103/PhysRevX.7.031059 · the lowest unflagged variational energy, a strict variational bound
best projected -0.566255(7) LR-DMC (LDA determinant)
10.1103/PhysRevX.7.031059 · the lowest unflagged projected energy, a projected estimate, which depends on its node or constraint
best extrapolated -0.5667(1) SBDMRG
10.1103/PhysRevX.7.031059 · the lowest unflagged extrapolated energy, an extrapolation, not a bound
best approximate -0.56638(4) RCCSD(T)
10.1103/PhysRevX.7.031059 · the lowest unflagged approximate energy, an approximate method, whose error has no known sign

Energies as E/N (Ha). Classes are different claims and are not ranked against each other.

The Hamiltonian

H = −½ ∑i ∇i2 − ∑i,I 1/|ri − RI| + ∑i<j 1/|ri − rj| + ∑I<J 1/|RI − RJ|

Hydrogen chain: 10 protons equally spaced on a line, spacing R = 1.8 bohr, open (a finite molecule); N↑ = 5, N↓ = 5. Basis-free: the continuum Born–Oppenheimer Hamiltonian with point protons. Hartree atomic units, nuclear repulsion included; the energy per atom is E/N.

geometry
chain
atoms
10
boundary
open
N_up
5
N_dn
5
R
1.8
basis
none
energies
18

Stored as a total energy in Hartree, nuclear repulsion included (rules §13); quoted here as E/N (Ha), the energy per atom (how the conversion works).

Every published energy

Grouped by what the number is. The exact energy comes first where there is one; in every other group the lowest unflagged energy is its best value, and each row's distance is to that best (rules §6).

Strict variational upper bounds (3)

Energies that a variational state reached (VMC, DMRG and MPS at finite bond dimension, PEPS, NQS, VQE). Each is an upper bound on the ground-state energy.

E/N (Ha)distance to class bestσVar(E)V-score methodsourcecodeyearcomment
-0.565634best variational 0 5.0e-6 n/a n/a VMC (JAGP)
peer reviewed
10.1103/PhysRevX.7.031059 2017
-0.565201 4.3e-4 6.0e-6 n/a n/a VMC (SJ)
peer reviewed
10.1103/PhysRevX.7.031059 2017
-0.55685 8.8e-3 n/a n/a n/a VMC (DeepWF)
peer reviewed
10.1016/j.jcp.2019.108929 2019

Projected or fixed-node estimates (2)

Variational only within a constraint: fixed-node, constrained-path, GFMC on a trial state. Each depends on its node or constraint, so two of them are not cleanly comparable to each other or to strict bounds.

E/N (Ha)distance to class bestσVar(E)V-score methodsourcecodeyearcomment
-0.566255best projected 0 7.0e-6 n/a n/a LR-DMC (LDA determinant)
peer reviewed
10.1103/PhysRevX.7.031059 2017
-0.566234tied with best projected at 2σ 2.1e-5 6.0e-6 n/a n/a LR-DMC (AGP)
peer reviewed
10.1103/PhysRevX.7.031059 2017

Extrapolations (9)

Zero-variance or bond-dimension extrapolations. These are not bounds: no ansatz reached the number.

E/N (Ha)distance to class bestσVar(E)V-score methodsourcecodeyearcomment
-0.5667best extrapolated 0 1.4e-4 n/a n/a SBDMRG
peer reviewed
10.1103/PhysRevX.7.031059 2017
-0.56656tied with best extrapolated at 2σ 1.0e-4 5.0e-5 n/a n/a MRCI+Q
peer reviewed
10.1103/PhysRevX.7.031059 2017
-0.56654tied with best extrapolated at 2σ 1.2e-4 5.0e-5 n/a n/a MRCI-F12+Q
peer reviewed
10.1103/PhysRevX.7.031059 2017
-0.56644tied with best extrapolated at 2σ 2.2e-4 4.0e-5 n/a n/a ph-AFQMC
peer reviewed
10.1103/PhysRevX.7.031059 2017
-0.5657 9.9e-4 2.2e-4 n/a n/a DMET
peer reviewed
10.1103/PhysRevX.7.031059 2017
-0.56565 1.0e-3 4.0e-5 n/a n/a RCCSD
peer reviewed
10.1103/PhysRevX.7.031059 2017
-0.56533 1.3e-3 4.0e-5 n/a n/a UCCSD
peer reviewed
10.1103/PhysRevX.7.031059 2017
-0.54015 2.7e-2 2.0e-5 n/a n/a HF
peer reviewed
10.1103/PhysRevX.7.031059 2017
-0.53974 2.7e-2 1.9e-5 n/a n/a HF
peer reviewed
10.1103/PhysRevX.7.031059 2017

Approximate methods (no bound) (4)

Methods that converge to a fixed approximation and not to the exact energy: RPA, finite-order perturbation theory, coupled cluster restricted to some of its terms. Their error has no known sign, so they are compared only with each other (rules §4).

E/N (Ha)distance to class bestσVar(E)V-score methodsourcecodeyearcomment
-0.56638best approximate 0 4.0e-5 n/a n/a RCCSD(T)
peer reviewed
10.1103/PhysRevX.7.031059 2017
-0.56623tied with best approximate at 2σ 1.5e-4 4.0e-5 n/a n/a UCCSD(T)
peer reviewed
10.1103/PhysRevX.7.031059 2017
-0.56350 2.9e-3 5.0e-5 n/a n/a PC-NEVPT2
peer reviewed
10.1103/PhysRevX.7.031059 2017
-0.56333 3.0e-3 6.0e-5 n/a n/a SC-NEVPT2
peer reviewed
10.1103/PhysRevX.7.031059 2017

How these numbers were read

Where each number below was read, and how it was checked.

-0.5667(1), SBDMRG

Checked 2026-10-20 · source text of arXiv:1705.01608 read locally (pypdf layout text; the generator finds every value again on its line), no LLM transcription of numbers; single reading

Reported as. -0.56666(14) per atom

Table III (second block), R = 1.8 row; sources/1705.01608.txt line 1284; version read: journal PDF (PRX 7, 031059, APS, sources/1705.01608-PhysRevX.7.031059.txt) and arXiv text; the table values agree digit for digit. Dataset file N_10_OBC/R_1.8/SBDMRG_CBS: -5.66662 0.00141289 | Hartree, lengths in bohr (Appendix B). Total energies with nuclear repulsion: FCI/STO-6G H10 at R = 1.8 is -5.42438538 in the dataset and -0.542439 per atom in Table II, and the paper's FCI E_inf = -0.471039 is the STO-6G hydrogen-atom energy per atom.

-0.56656(5), MRCI+Q

Checked 2026-10-20 · source text of arXiv:1705.01608 read locally (pypdf layout text; the generator finds every value again on its line), no LLM transcription of numbers; single reading

Reported as. -0.56655(5) per atom

Table III (first block), R = 1.8 row; sources/1705.01608.txt line 1271; version read: journal PDF (PRX 7, 031059, APS, sources/1705.01608-PhysRevX.7.031059.txt) and arXiv text; the table values agree digit for digit. Dataset file N_10_OBC/R_1.8/MRCI+Q_CBS: -5.665580 0.000502 | Hartree, lengths in bohr (Appendix B). Total energies with nuclear repulsion: FCI/STO-6G H10 at R = 1.8 is -5.42438538 in the dataset and -0.542439 per atom in Table II, and the paper's FCI E_inf = -0.471039 is the STO-6G hydrogen-atom energy per atom.

-0.56654(5), MRCI-F12+Q

Checked 2026-10-20 · source text of arXiv:1705.01608 read locally (pypdf layout text; the generator finds every value again on its line), no LLM transcription of numbers; single reading

Reported as. -0.56654(5) per atom

Table III (first block), R = 1.8 row; sources/1705.01608.txt line 1271; version read: journal PDF (PRX 7, 031059, APS, sources/1705.01608-PhysRevX.7.031059.txt) and arXiv text; the table values agree digit for digit. Dataset file N_10_OBC/R_1.8/MRCI+Q+F12_CBS: -5.665370 0.000515 | Hartree, lengths in bohr (Appendix B). Total energies with nuclear repulsion: FCI/STO-6G H10 at R = 1.8 is -5.42438538 in the dataset and -0.542439 per atom in Table II, and the paper's FCI E_inf = -0.471039 is the STO-6G hydrogen-atom energy per atom.

-0.56644(4), ph-AFQMC

Checked 2026-10-20 · source text of arXiv:1705.01608 read locally (pypdf layout text; the generator finds every value again on its line), no LLM transcription of numbers; single reading

Reported as. -0.56644(4) per atom

Table III (first block), R = 1.8 row; sources/1705.01608.txt line 1271; version read: journal PDF (PRX 7, 031059, APS, sources/1705.01608-PhysRevX.7.031059.txt) and arXiv text; the table values agree digit for digit. Dataset file N_10_OBC/R_1.8/AFQMC_CBS: -5.66439 0.000391254 | Hartree, lengths in bohr (Appendix B). Total energies with nuclear repulsion: FCI/STO-6G H10 at R = 1.8 is -5.42438538 in the dataset and -0.542439 per atom in Table II, and the paper's FCI E_inf = -0.471039 is the STO-6G hydrogen-atom energy per atom.

-0.56638(4), RCCSD(T)

Checked 2026-10-20 · source text of arXiv:1705.01608 read locally (pypdf layout text; the generator finds every value again on its line), no LLM transcription of numbers; single reading

Reported as. -0.56638(4) per atom

Table III (second block), R = 1.8 row; sources/1705.01608.txt line 1284; version read: journal PDF (PRX 7, 031059, APS, sources/1705.01608-PhysRevX.7.031059.txt) and arXiv text; the table values agree digit for digit. Dataset file N_10_OBC/R_1.8/RCCSD(T)_CBS: -5.6638 0.000413628 | Hartree, lengths in bohr (Appendix B). Total energies with nuclear repulsion: FCI/STO-6G H10 at R = 1.8 is -5.42438538 in the dataset and -0.542439 per atom in Table II, and the paper's FCI E_inf = -0.471039 is the STO-6G hydrogen-atom energy per atom.

-0.566255(7), LR-DMC (LDA determinant)

Checked 2026-10-20 · source text of arXiv:1705.01608 read locally (pypdf layout text; the generator finds every value again on its line), no LLM transcription of numbers; single reading

Reported as. -0.566255(7) per atom

Table III (first block), R = 1.8 row; sources/1705.01608.txt line 1271; version read: journal PDF (PRX 7, 031059, APS, sources/1705.01608-PhysRevX.7.031059.txt) and arXiv text; the table values agree digit for digit. Dataset file N_10_OBC/R_1.8/LRDMC_LDA_basis-TZ: -5.66255024974787 7.394373597314024E-005 | Hartree, lengths in bohr (Appendix B). Total energies with nuclear repulsion: FCI/STO-6G H10 at R = 1.8 is -5.42438538 in the dataset and -0.542439 per atom in Table II, and the paper's FCI E_inf = -0.471039 is the STO-6G hydrogen-atom energy per atom.

-0.566234(6), LR-DMC (AGP)

Checked 2026-10-20 · source text of arXiv:1705.01608 read locally (pypdf layout text; the generator finds every value again on its line), no LLM transcription of numbers; single reading

Reported as. -0.566234(6) per atom

Table III (first block), R = 1.8 row; sources/1705.01608.txt line 1271; version read: journal PDF (PRX 7, 031059, APS, sources/1705.01608-PhysRevX.7.031059.txt) and arXiv text; the table values agree digit for digit. Dataset file N_10_OBC/R_1.8/LRDMC_AGP_basis-TZ: -5.66233958498021 5.456042620571262E-005 | Hartree, lengths in bohr (Appendix B). Total energies with nuclear repulsion: FCI/STO-6G H10 at R = 1.8 is -5.42438538 in the dataset and -0.542439 per atom in Table II, and the paper's FCI E_inf = -0.471039 is the STO-6G hydrogen-atom energy per atom.

-0.56623(4), UCCSD(T)

Checked 2026-10-20 · source text of arXiv:1705.01608 read locally (pypdf layout text; the generator finds every value again on its line), no LLM transcription of numbers; single reading

Reported as. -0.56623(4) per atom

Table III (second block), R = 1.8 row; sources/1705.01608.txt line 1284; version read: journal PDF (PRX 7, 031059, APS, sources/1705.01608-PhysRevX.7.031059.txt) and arXiv text; the table values agree digit for digit. Dataset file N_10_OBC/R_1.8/UCCSD(T)_CBS: -5.66233 0.000406896 | Hartree, lengths in bohr (Appendix B). Total energies with nuclear repulsion: FCI/STO-6G H10 at R = 1.8 is -5.42438538 in the dataset and -0.542439 per atom in Table II, and the paper's FCI E_inf = -0.471039 is the STO-6G hydrogen-atom energy per atom.

-0.5657(2), DMET

Checked 2026-10-20 · source text of arXiv:1705.01608 read locally (pypdf layout text; the generator finds every value again on its line), no LLM transcription of numbers; single reading

Reported as. -0.56567(22) per atom

Table III (first block), R = 1.8 row; sources/1705.01608.txt line 1271; version read: journal PDF (PRX 7, 031059, APS, sources/1705.01608-PhysRevX.7.031059.txt) and arXiv text; the table values agree digit for digit. Dataset file N_10_OBC/R_1.8/DMET_2_CBS: -5.65669 0.00216997 | Hartree, lengths in bohr (Appendix B). Total energies with nuclear repulsion: FCI/STO-6G H10 at R = 1.8 is -5.42438538 in the dataset and -0.542439 per atom in Table II, and the paper's FCI E_inf = -0.471039 is the STO-6G hydrogen-atom energy per atom.

-0.56565(4), RCCSD

Checked 2026-10-20 · source text of arXiv:1705.01608 read locally (pypdf layout text; the generator finds every value again on its line), no LLM transcription of numbers; single reading

Reported as. -0.56565(4) per atom

Table III (second block), R = 1.8 row; sources/1705.01608.txt line 1284; version read: journal PDF (PRX 7, 031059, APS, sources/1705.01608-PhysRevX.7.031059.txt) and arXiv text; the table values agree digit for digit. Dataset file N_10_OBC/R_1.8/RCCSD_CBS: -5.65649 0.000439936 | Hartree, lengths in bohr (Appendix B). Total energies with nuclear repulsion: FCI/STO-6G H10 at R = 1.8 is -5.42438538 in the dataset and -0.542439 per atom in Table II, and the paper's FCI E_inf = -0.471039 is the STO-6G hydrogen-atom energy per atom.

-0.565634(5), VMC (JAGP)

Checked 2026-10-20 · source text of arXiv:1705.01608 read locally (pypdf layout text; the generator finds every value again on its line), no LLM transcription of numbers; single reading

Reported as. -0.565634(5) per atom

Table III (second block), R = 1.8 row; sources/1705.01608.txt line 1284; version read: journal PDF (PRX 7, 031059, APS, sources/1705.01608-PhysRevX.7.031059.txt) and arXiv text; the table values agree digit for digit. Dataset file N_10_OBC/R_1.8/VMC_AGP_basis-TZ: -5.65634176388069 5.127742243737771E-005 | Hartree, lengths in bohr (Appendix B). Total energies with nuclear repulsion: FCI/STO-6G H10 at R = 1.8 is -5.42438538 in the dataset and -0.542439 per atom in Table II, and the paper's FCI E_inf = -0.471039 is the STO-6G hydrogen-atom energy per atom.

-0.56533(4), UCCSD

Checked 2026-10-20 · source text of arXiv:1705.01608 read locally (pypdf layout text; the generator finds every value again on its line), no LLM transcription of numbers; single reading

Reported as. -0.56533(4) per atom

Table III (second block), R = 1.8 row; sources/1705.01608.txt line 1284; version read: journal PDF (PRX 7, 031059, APS, sources/1705.01608-PhysRevX.7.031059.txt) and arXiv text; the table values agree digit for digit. Dataset file N_10_OBC/R_1.8/UCCSD_CBS: -5.65326 0.000432918 | Hartree, lengths in bohr (Appendix B). Total energies with nuclear repulsion: FCI/STO-6G H10 at R = 1.8 is -5.42438538 in the dataset and -0.542439 per atom in Table II, and the paper's FCI E_inf = -0.471039 is the STO-6G hydrogen-atom energy per atom.

-0.565201(6), VMC (SJ)

Checked 2026-10-20 · source text of arXiv:1705.01608 read locally (pypdf layout text; the generator finds every value again on its line), no LLM transcription of numbers; single reading

Reported as. -0.565201(6) per atom

Table III (second block), R = 1.8 row; sources/1705.01608.txt line 1284; version read: journal PDF (PRX 7, 031059, APS, sources/1705.01608-PhysRevX.7.031059.txt) and arXiv text; the table values agree digit for digit. Dataset file N_10_OBC/R_1.8/VMC_LDA_basis-TZ: -5.65201204830878 6.345493238512738E-005 | Hartree, lengths in bohr (Appendix B). Total energies with nuclear repulsion: FCI/STO-6G H10 at R = 1.8 is -5.42438538 in the dataset and -0.542439 per atom in Table II, and the paper's FCI E_inf = -0.471039 is the STO-6G hydrogen-atom energy per atom.

-0.56350(5), PC-NEVPT2

Checked 2026-10-20 · source text of arXiv:1705.01608 read locally (pypdf layout text; the generator finds every value again on its line), no LLM transcription of numbers; single reading

Reported as. -0.56350(5) per atom

Table III (first block), R = 1.8 row; sources/1705.01608.txt line 1271; version read: journal PDF (PRX 7, 031059, APS, sources/1705.01608-PhysRevX.7.031059.txt) and arXiv text; the table values agree digit for digit. Dataset file N_10_OBC/R_1.8/PC-NEVPT2_CBS: -5.635 0.000580229 | Hartree, lengths in bohr (Appendix B). Total energies with nuclear repulsion: FCI/STO-6G H10 at R = 1.8 is -5.42438538 in the dataset and -0.542439 per atom in Table II, and the paper's FCI E_inf = -0.471039 is the STO-6G hydrogen-atom energy per atom.

-0.56333(6), SC-NEVPT2

Checked 2026-10-20 · source text of arXiv:1705.01608 read locally (pypdf layout text; the generator finds every value again on its line), no LLM transcription of numbers; single reading

Reported as. -0.56333(6) per atom

Table III (first block), R = 1.8 row; sources/1705.01608.txt line 1271; version read: journal PDF (PRX 7, 031059, APS, sources/1705.01608-PhysRevX.7.031059.txt) and arXiv text; the table values agree digit for digit. Dataset file N_10_OBC/R_1.8/SC-NEVPT2_CBS: -5.63332 0.000585427 | Hartree, lengths in bohr (Appendix B). Total energies with nuclear repulsion: FCI/STO-6G H10 at R = 1.8 is -5.42438538 in the dataset and -0.542439 per atom in Table II, and the paper's FCI E_inf = -0.471039 is the STO-6G hydrogen-atom energy per atom.

-0.55685, VMC (DeepWF)

Checked 2026-10-20 · source text of arXiv:1807.07014 read locally (pypdf layout text; the generator finds every value again on its line), no LLM transcription of numbers; single reading (Sonnet reader)

Reported as. -5.5685 Ha per total

Table 1; sources/1807.07014.txt line 338; version read: arXiv text; journal copy not reached (publisher returned HTTP 403 or a login page, 2026-10-21); read again when reachable (RULES.md §8) | Table 1 header line 332 'DeepWF [a.u.]'; caption line 321 'bond length of ... H10 is ... 1.8 a.u.'; line 312 'chain of 10 hydrogen atoms under open boundary conditions' | Nuclear repulsion not stated; -5.57 is of magnitude of total energy of H10 at 1.8 bohr. Continuum. | reader confidence medium

-0.54015(2), HF

Checked 2026-10-20 · source text of arXiv:1705.01608 read locally (pypdf layout text; the generator finds every value again on its line), no LLM transcription of numbers; single reading

Reported as. -5.40150(2) (printed as the H10 total, in a column of per-atom values)

Table III (second block), R = 1.8 row; sources/1705.01608.txt line 1284; version read: journal PDF (PRX 7, 031059, APS, sources/1705.01608-PhysRevX.7.031059.txt) and arXiv text; the table values agree digit for digit. Dataset file N_10_OBC/R_1.8/UHF_CBS: -5.4015025 0.0001904 | Hartree, lengths in bohr (Appendix B). Total energies with nuclear repulsion: FCI/STO-6G H10 at R = 1.8 is -5.42438538 in the dataset and -0.542439 per atom in Table II, and the paper's FCI E_inf = -0.471039 is the STO-6G hydrogen-atom energy per atom. | The complete-basis UHF value lies 0.00005598 Ha (total) above the paper's own UHF/cc-pV5Z energy -5.40155598146 on the same geometry, although a finite-basis Hartree-Fock energy bounds the complete-basis limit from above: a property of the fit, noted only, no flag (ruled 2026-10-24).

-0.53974(2), HF

Checked 2026-10-20 · dataset github.com/simonsfoundation/hydrogen-benchmark-PRX, commit b99a183 (2017-10-09, uploaded by the authors), CC BY 4.0; source text of arXiv:1705.01608 read locally (pypdf layout text; the generator finds every value again on its line), no LLM transcription of numbers; single reading

Reported as. -5.3974043 0.0001905 (total for N = 10; second number the stated uncertainty)

dataset github.com/simonsfoundation/hydrogen-benchmark-PRX, commit b99a183 (2017-10-09, uploaded by the authors), CC BY 4.0, file N_10_OBC/R_1.8/RHF_CBS in sources/1705.01608-data-b99a183.tsv; number first printed in the dataset (RULES.md §8), the paper is the method reference | Hartree, lengths in bohr (Appendix B). Total energies with nuclear repulsion: FCI/STO-6G H10 at R = 1.8 is -5.42438538 in the dataset and -0.542439 per atom in Table II, and the paper's FCI E_inf = -0.471039 is the STO-6G hydrogen-atom energy per atom. | The complete-basis RHF value lies 0.0000518 Ha (total) above the paper's own RHF/cc-pV5Z energy -5.397456069706 on the same geometry, although a finite-basis Hartree-Fock energy bounds the complete-basis limit from above: a property of the fit, noted only, no flag (ruled 2026-10-24).

Coverage

Newest published number here: 2019.

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